Unique speech topics On Housing For All
Unique speech topics On Housing For All:
Food, cloth and shelter are the basic amenities that every human being would like to possess in this world. Noted psychologist, Dr. Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs says that the basic amenities are the fundamental physiological human needs that are the foundation for human motivations. Food is considered as a metabolic requirement for the survival of any living thing, while clothing and housing are very important for the decent living of human beings, and for protecting themselves from the environment and other external factors. The practices of using the basic amenities are getting changed and have taken different forms in different ages. The early men ate raw food like meat and fruits, covered their body with leaves and stayed in caves. As the civilisations started developing, human beings got transformed and started practicing new things. The man who ate raw food started cultivating food through agriculture. The man who had worn leaves started weaving cloth materials. The man who lived in caves started building houses. The house is a place where a social unit called as a family or household lives. It is not just a shelter, but also a place connecting individuals in a family. The origin of a house from a basic shelter to a properly-built structure is not clearly known, but historically houses took different forms in different societies and cultures. Houses in the Indus Valley Civilisation were built with mud and clay. People in early Vedic period were nomadic and built temporary houses. In the modern age, the development in technology has changed people's way of living and this brought changes in the design and construction of houses. Though our country has seen radical changes in the last centuries, housing is still a dream for millions of people. India is one of the developing nations in the world where the people face lot of challenges to get employment and to fulfil their basic needs. Homeless people are not just rural households, but a substantial part of the urban population which still lives on roadsides and slums without a house of respectable quality for their personal living Over a quarter of India's population is below the poverty line. The Economic Survey of 2016-17 highlights that on an average nine million people migrate between states and towards the cities for employment and other needs. The survey has arrived at this estimate by analysing the 2011 Census data and railway passenger traffic flow data provided by the Ministry of Railways. According to the Survey, migration is accelerating in India and the rate is higher in the recent years. This movement has increased the population of the urban areas and the migrant population finds it difficult to own or rent a permanent house as it is not economically feasible for them. In these seventy years, the nation's social development programs focussed mainly on poverty alleviation and fulfilling the basic needs of people. Many Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSS) were introduced by the government for the welfare of the people especially the people in the economically weaker section. As the governments change, some of these schemes may be abolished or renamed and revamped, but the core schemes and their objectives remain the same. Among the government's flagship schemes, housing for all is a massive scheme that remains a challenge. Indira Antis Yojana was the first social welfare scheme launched to provide financial assistance for the construction of houses in rural India. This scheme was revamped and launched as Pradhan Mantri Gramin Awas Yojana—Gramin (Rural) and Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana—Housing for All (Urban) providing financial assistance for both rural as well as urban households. This revolutionary, affordable housing schcmc guarantees to provide assistance to build 18 million households in urban India and nearly 30 million in rural India in the period of 2015-2020. The core objective of these housing schemes is to provide financial assistance to some of the weakest sections of society for them to upgrade or construct a house of respectable quality for their personal living. Though the present pace of the schcmc is promising, there are lot of challenges the nation has to face in implementing the scheme. Firstly, the scheme is providing financial assistance for the economically weaker section through credit linked subsidy method. Identifying the right beneficiary is a challenging task for the government as there are possibilities of subsidy leakage as well as the chance that the financial assistance may not be fully utilised by the weaker sections. Though the economists claim that the subsidy burden from various government-sponsored schemes has increased the fiscal deficit, still most of the schemes have not vet attained their full potential. The reason is that the right beneficiaries are not identified properly and economically healthy people are utilising the welfare schemes. Since 'I lousing for Al' is a massive scheme dealing with high amount of handing, the government has to identify all the possible subsidy leakage areas and make the welfare easily accessible for the target beneficiary. The next factor that remains a bottleneck in this scheme is the availability of land. The motive of the housing schemes is to build millions of houses, but the land, which is the most important resource in this initiative, is very limited and costly.That will not be much of a problem in upgrading the existing houses as the utilised land is already an ancestral property or is directly owned by the beneficiary. New construction S the bigger challenge as the identification of land will be difficult and may cause delay in implementing the schemes. The urban population is increasing every day and the cities arc already congested. The land values are high in the major cities and developing a housing property is a difficult proposition. The bat possible solution is to convert the existing slums to new houses as it is already utilising the land and enhancing the houses will not require much effort. This has proven effective in Mumbai where the government has taken initiatives through the slum rehabilitation programme to transfer the development rights to the developers to utilise the existing lands to develop new housing units. The teal estate sector plays an important role in driving the nation's dream of fulfilling the objective of 'Housing for All'. More than an investment optkm, the sector plays a key role in construction and rehabilitation of millions of houses and transformation of slums to proper housing units. Real Estate Regulation Act. 2016 (RERA) provides regulation of the real estate sector and protects the interests of the homebuyers. This Act helps address issues like delay in the development project, price, quality of construction. etc. RERA provides transparency and uniform guidelines in the sector and provides an effective grievance redressal mechanism to the buyers. It has brought simplicity and fair practices in the market, which will provide assurance for the people and encourage investment in buying or constructing housing units. Another important factor that needs attention is rental reforms. As per 2011 Census, neatly 22% of Indians arc below poverty line, which means their economy is sufficient only for the survival and housing is a distant dream for them. The Census also showed that there were over 10 million vacant houses which arc left as unused assets since the property owners prefer to leave their house vacant. rather than offer it on rent. Rental rates are high in big cities and that is no fixed standard for varying the rates. which forces the weaker sections to stay in slums and roadsides as their economic condition is not sufficient to pee high rent. The government needs to initiate rental reforms that balance the interest of the tenant as well as that of the property owner. The state needs to keep an eye on the external factors that are controlling the rental rates and artificial increase or decrease in rates should be controlled. This will guarantee a nominal value for both the owner and tenant, and bring more housing units into the rental market. Finally, the success of the government schemes and initiatives lies when more and more people benefit from them. The government needs to take necessary action to creme awareness about the initiatives and laws that are helpful for the common people as well as help them utilise it effectively. The state should focus on the simplification of the processes to access the credits and property registration, which will help the beneficiaries to utilise the initiative effectively. The private sector can also play an important role in reduction in costs through efficient construction, operations, and maintenance. The government should facilitate more private participation in developing the housing schemes to achieve the mission of 'I lousing for All'.
Food, cloth and shelter are the basic amenities that every human being would like to possess in this world. Noted psychologist, Dr. Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs says that the basic amenities are the fundamental physiological human needs that are the foundation for human motivations. Food is considered as a metabolic requirement for the survival of any living thing, while clothing and housing are very important for the decent living of human beings, and for protecting themselves from the environment and other external factors. The practices of using the basic amenities are getting changed and have taken different forms in different ages. The early men ate raw food like meat and fruits, covered their body with leaves and stayed in caves. As the civilisations started developing, human beings got transformed and started practicing new things. The man who ate raw food started cultivating food through agriculture. The man who had worn leaves started weaving cloth materials. The man who lived in caves started building houses. The house is a place where a social unit called as a family or household lives. It is not just a shelter, but also a place connecting individuals in a family. The origin of a house from a basic shelter to a properly-built structure is not clearly known, but historically houses took different forms in different societies and cultures. Houses in the Indus Valley Civilisation were built with mud and clay. People in early Vedic period were nomadic and built temporary houses. In the modern age, the development in technology has changed people's way of living and this brought changes in the design and construction of houses. Though our country has seen radical changes in the last centuries, housing is still a dream for millions of people. India is one of the developing nations in the world where the people face lot of challenges to get employment and to fulfil their basic needs. Homeless people are not just rural households, but a substantial part of the urban population which still lives on roadsides and slums without a house of respectable quality for their personal living Over a quarter of India's population is below the poverty line. The Economic Survey of 2016-17 highlights that on an average nine million people migrate between states and towards the cities for employment and other needs. The survey has arrived at this estimate by analysing the 2011 Census data and railway passenger traffic flow data provided by the Ministry of Railways. According to the Survey, migration is accelerating in India and the rate is higher in the recent years. This movement has increased the population of the urban areas and the migrant population finds it difficult to own or rent a permanent house as it is not economically feasible for them. In these seventy years, the nation's social development programs focussed mainly on poverty alleviation and fulfilling the basic needs of people. Many Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSS) were introduced by the government for the welfare of the people especially the people in the economically weaker section. As the governments change, some of these schemes may be abolished or renamed and revamped, but the core schemes and their objectives remain the same. Among the government's flagship schemes, housing for all is a massive scheme that remains a challenge. Indira Antis Yojana was the first social welfare scheme launched to provide financial assistance for the construction of houses in rural India. This scheme was revamped and launched as Pradhan Mantri Gramin Awas Yojana—Gramin (Rural) and Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana—Housing for All (Urban) providing financial assistance for both rural as well as urban households. This revolutionary, affordable housing schcmc guarantees to provide assistance to build 18 million households in urban India and nearly 30 million in rural India in the period of 2015-2020. The core objective of these housing schemes is to provide financial assistance to some of the weakest sections of society for them to upgrade or construct a house of respectable quality for their personal living. Though the present pace of the schcmc is promising, there are lot of challenges the nation has to face in implementing the scheme. Firstly, the scheme is providing financial assistance for the economically weaker section through credit linked subsidy method. Identifying the right beneficiary is a challenging task for the government as there are possibilities of subsidy leakage as well as the chance that the financial assistance may not be fully utilised by the weaker sections. Though the economists claim that the subsidy burden from various government-sponsored schemes has increased the fiscal deficit, still most of the schemes have not vet attained their full potential. The reason is that the right beneficiaries are not identified properly and economically healthy people are utilising the welfare schemes. Since 'I lousing for Al' is a massive scheme dealing with high amount of handing, the government has to identify all the possible subsidy leakage areas and make the welfare easily accessible for the target beneficiary. The next factor that remains a bottleneck in this scheme is the availability of land. The motive of the housing schemes is to build millions of houses, but the land, which is the most important resource in this initiative, is very limited and costly.That will not be much of a problem in upgrading the existing houses as the utilised land is already an ancestral property or is directly owned by the beneficiary. New construction S the bigger challenge as the identification of land will be difficult and may cause delay in implementing the schemes. The urban population is increasing every day and the cities arc already congested. The land values are high in the major cities and developing a housing property is a difficult proposition. The bat possible solution is to convert the existing slums to new houses as it is already utilising the land and enhancing the houses will not require much effort. This has proven effective in Mumbai where the government has taken initiatives through the slum rehabilitation programme to transfer the development rights to the developers to utilise the existing lands to develop new housing units. The teal estate sector plays an important role in driving the nation's dream of fulfilling the objective of 'Housing for All'. More than an investment optkm, the sector plays a key role in construction and rehabilitation of millions of houses and transformation of slums to proper housing units. Real Estate Regulation Act. 2016 (RERA) provides regulation of the real estate sector and protects the interests of the homebuyers. This Act helps address issues like delay in the development project, price, quality of construction. etc. RERA provides transparency and uniform guidelines in the sector and provides an effective grievance redressal mechanism to the buyers. It has brought simplicity and fair practices in the market, which will provide assurance for the people and encourage investment in buying or constructing housing units. Another important factor that needs attention is rental reforms. As per 2011 Census, neatly 22% of Indians arc below poverty line, which means their economy is sufficient only for the survival and housing is a distant dream for them. The Census also showed that there were over 10 million vacant houses which arc left as unused assets since the property owners prefer to leave their house vacant. rather than offer it on rent. Rental rates are high in big cities and that is no fixed standard for varying the rates. which forces the weaker sections to stay in slums and roadsides as their economic condition is not sufficient to pee high rent. The government needs to initiate rental reforms that balance the interest of the tenant as well as that of the property owner. The state needs to keep an eye on the external factors that are controlling the rental rates and artificial increase or decrease in rates should be controlled. This will guarantee a nominal value for both the owner and tenant, and bring more housing units into the rental market. Finally, the success of the government schemes and initiatives lies when more and more people benefit from them. The government needs to take necessary action to creme awareness about the initiatives and laws that are helpful for the common people as well as help them utilise it effectively. The state should focus on the simplification of the processes to access the credits and property registration, which will help the beneficiaries to utilise the initiative effectively. The private sector can also play an important role in reduction in costs through efficient construction, operations, and maintenance. The government should facilitate more private participation in developing the housing schemes to achieve the mission of 'I lousing for All'.
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